TGFB1 and familial pancreatic carcinoma: Together these findings indicate that PDAC cells secrete TGF-β1 in order to stimulate PSCs to overexpress Galectin-1, which in turn stimulates the malignant potency of pancreatic cancer cells, and establishes a vicious cycle of mutually reinforcing mechanisms to sustain the activity of the stromal reaction [4, 42].