HOXA9 and neoplasm: Wouters and coworkers have performed a comprehensive study of DNA methylation of cutaneous melanomas at various stages of tumor development, and this analysis identified and validated biomarkers for melanoma development (such as HOXA9 DNA methylation) and tumor progression (such as TBC1 Domain Family Member 16 (TBC1D16)) and discovered a prognostic signature with clinical applicability, involving the identification as biomarkers Paraoxonase 3 (PON3), Oligodendrocyte Transcription Factor 3 (OLIG3), and Mesenchyme Homeobox 2 (MEOX2), whose methylation was associated to negative prognosis [165].