IGF1R and breast cancer: Although the response rate of anti-IGF-1R in clinical trials was disappointing, there are several strong pieces of evidence in preclinical models that defined the ability of anti-IGF-1R mAb to block the growth and migration of breast cancer cells as therapeutic potencies.9, 45 Also, they appeared to be a benefit in patients who did not have evidence of pre-existing glucose intolerance as measured by glycosylated hemoglobin.46 Indeed, all the studies as described have motivated investigators to search for an alternative approach to maximize the therapeutic effect of anti-IGF-1R treatment.