However, due to the fact that PEG-IFN-α-2a is capable of controlling the disease only for a limited time and progression (loss of achieved hematologic and molecular response, worsening of marrow fibrosis and even transformation to overt MF or AML) could still occur on therapy without any known biological correlations or predictive markers, we need to improve our ability to identify patients who would benefit the most from the treatment. The gene discussed is IFNA1; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.