The next largest WES study of ALS, a case-control (1022 cases vs 7315 controls) study with cases selected as index individuals from families with multiple recorded cases of ALS (fALS) [11], identified NEK1 as the only significant gene after correcting for multiple testing (ten known ALS genes had been excluded from the analysis to train modelling parameters). The gene discussed is NEK1; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.