The Philadelphia chromosome, which is an interchange between chromosomes 9 and 22 that produces a BCR-ABL fusion gene that can be found in almost all types of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), some types of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and several types of acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), is a key example of the role of chromosome conformations in leukemia. This evidence concerns the gene BCR and acute myeloid leukemia.