Thus in the present study, we characterised KIR profiles and studied the effects of centromeric and telomeric gene clusters on immunological markers of hepatitis B infection, viral load, and liver disease in a well-characterised study group established by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Gambia Hepatitis Intervention Study (GHIS) program under the Gambia Liver Cancer Case control study (GLCS) [4,6,37] in collaboration with the UK Medical Research Council Laboratories in The Gambia and the Gambian Government. Here, KIR3DL1 is linked to hepatitis B virus infection.