XIAP and infection: For example, in this study we show that in LdMNPV-infected larvae 14 days post-infection, the total expression of host IAP-Z and LdMNPV IAP-3 genes is 3.65 ± 0.39-fold more strongly up-regulated than the host IAP-Z gene in LdMNPV-free larvae (p < 0.05).