MAP1LC3B and glioblastoma: We verified these conclusions in primary tumor samples and qRT-PCR analysis showed similar results in normal brain tissues and glioma patients: Student’s t test, LC3B: GBM vs Normal, p = 0.0401, TGF-β2: GBM vs Normal, P = 0.0490; Pearson correlation test, r = 0.4101, p = 0.0144 (Fig. 1e).