For example, a Hb cut-off value of < 10 g/dl in HF for both genders was used in the Tanzania Heart Failure (TaHeF) study,2 the SSA Survey of Heart Failure (THESUS) study,8 and by Ogah et al.,9 while in the Heart of Soweto,10 a cut-off value of < 11 g/dl for men and < 10 g/dl for women was defined as clinically relevant anaemia (Table 1). Here, GSTM1 is linked to heart failure.