The inflammatory reaction following cerebral ischemia is primarily mediated by cells from microglia, astrocytes, and leucocytes, as well as by different substances, including cytokines (interleukin-1 [IL-1], IL-6, and IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-α [TNFα]); this inflammatory reaction induces gene expression and activation of transcription factors involved in the regulation of the ischemic cascade [4]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is Cerebral ischemia.