PPARGC1A and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Indeed, DNA methylation of the PPARG coactivator 1 alpha (PPARGC1A), a gene that coordinates the expression of several proteins involved in mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in multiple tissues, is elevated in both pancreatic islets [81] and skeletal muscle [82] of patients with T2D, and negatively correlates with glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in human pancreatic islets.