NFE2L2 and Parkinson disease: The exact underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain to be determined, but may be at least in part due to the up-regulating effects of TsI on nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), since previous studies have supported that the antioxidation of TsI is involved in Nrf2 signaling pathway both in vitro and in mouse model of PD [43, 44].