TPO and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder: Ghassabian et al. [43] reported that children of mothers testing positive for thyroid peroxidase antibodies (identified in 4.7% of 3139 mothers measured in GW ~14) had an increased risk of scoring high on parent-reported ADHD-symptoms at three years of age (odds ratio = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.15, 2.72).