BDNF and Cognitive impairment: Because the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is activated by BDNF, our results suggested that SM70EE inhibits phosphorylation of GSK-3β by activating the BDNF/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in mouse hippocampus to ameliorate the cognitive impairment induced by the I.C.V. injection of Aβ1–42.