GPT and diabetes mellitus: As shown in Table 3, alanine transaminase and the presence of DM were associated significantly and independently with plasma XOR activity in all hemodialysis patients (Table 3, Model 1) (alanine transaminase, β = 0.478, p < 0.001; presence of DM, β = 0.156, p = 0.028) (R2 = 0.262, p < 0.001).