(3) As a simplified model for DH, DHI exhibits a comprehensive anti-inflammatory effect on LPS, ox-LDL and CHC-induced endothelial inflammation, including NF-κB, c-jun, and p38 activation as well as IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-10 secretion, which indicate that anti-endothelial inflammation therapy may serve as a common underlying mechanism on both stroke and CAD treatment by DHI. Here, TNF is linked to stroke disorder.