Rates of Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN) loss and Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation at R132 were consistent with frequencies reported in the literature: PTEN deletion is considered to be a driver alteration very commonly associated with GBM13, whereas IDH1 mutation is described as being much more prevalent in secondary GBM, rather than in primary tumours14, which are being studied here. This evidence concerns the gene IDH1 and glioblastoma.