Interestingly, silencing LC3 in MDS cell lines significantly increased AZA-induced cell death, indicating that AZA-induced autophagy may be a protective, rather than cytotoxic, mechanism in cells [44] and that the AZA-induced autophagy observed by Cluzeau et al. [40] may not be contributing to cell death. The gene discussed is MAP1LC3A; the disease is myelodysplastic syndrome.