MAPT and Alzheimer disease: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive degenerative disease of central nervous system and has two major characteristics including the formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) from the aggregates of excessively phosphorylated Tau protein in neurons [1] and the formation of senile plaques (SPs) from the aggregates of β-amyloid (Aβ) outside neurons.