In this article, we analyzed the effect of UFPs representative of those encountered in practical combustion conditions, including gasoline and diesel engines, and we found that PBMCs obtained from unstable/exacerbated COPD patients were able to solely release IL-18 and IL-33, but not IL-1α and IL-1β, when treated with combustion-formed UFPs. This evidence concerns the gene IL1A and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.