In this study, we found that combustion-generated UFPs induced mitochondrial-derived oxidative stress, which is not countered by the enzyme OGG1, deputed to repairing oxidative stress damage, leading to the release of IL-18 and IL-33 from PBMCs obtained from unstable/exacerbated COPD patients. The gene discussed is OGG1; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.