Last but not least, Zhang et al. 19 indicated that lncRNA NEAT1 could affect the late mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway activation and consequently regulate a set of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokines and chemokines which were dysregulated in patients with SLE, and this demonstrated that lncRNAs may contribute to a new layer of molecular regulation of autoimmune diseases. Here, NEAT1 is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.