In Ae. aegypti, infection with WNV and DENV has been shown to modulate the expression of JAK/STAT pathway-related genes.87, 88 WNV infection in Cx. quinquefasciatus activates the JAK/STAT transcription factor STAT1A, suggesting that the JAK/STAT pathway is involved in controlling WNV infection. The gene discussed is SOAT1; the disease is infection.