In this study, we aimed to identify miRNAs that are specifically dysregulated in BRAF-mutant colorectal cancer using a genome-wide miRNA expression analysis, and to clarify whether these miRNAs play a role in colorectal tumorigenesis as an oncogene or a tumor-suppressor through functional assays using colorectal cancer cell lines. The gene discussed is BRAF; the disease is colorectal cancer.