Activation of JNK has been described in human diabetic nephropathy (De Borst et al., 2007), streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in the spontaneous hypertensive rat and in the db/db model of spontaneous type 2 diabetic nephropathy (Ijaz et al., 2009; Lim et al., 2011). This evidence concerns the gene MAPK8 and diabetic kidney disease.