INS and neoplasm: Our findings suggest that this putative interaction deserves a more careful examination, as the data presented herein provide evidence that a multifactorial causative reciprocal interconnection may underlie the pathological association between IR and BCa in overweight/obese premenopausal women, wherein insulin-resistance associated factors (glucose, TG, FFA) could potentiate BCa development/progression while tumor-derived factors (VEGF) could aggravate IR.