PTN and neoplasm: Marker genes were selected that encoded proteins with functions in early central nervous system development (NANOG, POU3F2, POU5F1, PAX6, PTEN, PDGFRA, and SALL2), matrix re-modeling, cell mobility and invasion (EFEMP1, AGAP2, CTSB, EPHA2, FOXM1, MMP2, MMP9, PLAU, PTK2, RHOC, SPARC, and TNC), tumor vascularization (ANGPT1, ANGPT2, FLIT1, NRP1, KDR, VEGFA, and PTN), DNA repair and cell survival (BIRC2, BIRC3, BIRC5, PRKDC, TXNRD1, XRCC5, and XRCC6), redox metabolism (CAT, GPX4, and SOD1), and glioma radioresistance (CHI3L1).