Overexpression of metal-ion transporters, such as the natural resistance-associated macrophage protein-1 (NRAMP1)/Slc11a1 [32], the divalent-metal transporter 1 (DMT1), also called NRAMP2/Slc11a2 [33], and ZRT/IRT-like protein 14 (ZIP14, transporting unbound iron into the cell) [34] are associated with increased iron uptake in different cell-lines (including dendritic cells, macrophages, and β-cells), and the development of T1D. Here, SLC11A1 is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.