Genes mutated in 23% of carcinomas were COL12A1, FRY, FRYL, and PLB1 followed by CACNA1A, CCDC57, COL23A1, MKL2, RAP1GAP, SMAD4, and SRCAP occurring in 18% of carcinomas (Fig. 1b, for a detailed list of point mutations refer to Supplementary Data File 1). This evidence concerns the gene SMAD4 and carcinoma.