ACACA and Insulin resistance: It is astonishing to note that the swimming-induced shift to anaerobic glycolytic pathway is associated with an enhanced fat storage in ALS tibialis, likely resulting from (1) lipid uptake, as suggested by the increase of Vldlr and Cd36 expression levels, and (2) TAG synthesis, as suggested by the swimming-induced expression of lipogenesis genes such as Fas, Acc1, and Dgat1. Interestingly, in humans, the exercise-induced accumulation of intramuscular TAG and protection against insulin resistance correlated with an increase in DGAT1 expression levels (Schenk and Horowitz, 2007).