This study was performed to examine immune and oxidative biomarkers (namely IL-1α, sIL-1RA, sIL-2R, sIL-6R, sTNF-R1, sTNF-R2, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances—TBARS), a surrogate marker of MDA production, in major depression and to examine whether these measurements may be state or trait markers of depression, clinical subtypes of depression (including melancholia and atypical depression), or treatment resistance. The gene discussed is IL1A; the disease is depressive symptom measurement.