The clinical relevance of the BRAF mutation is unknown since it was detected in addition to a T790M mutation, and the patient so far did not receive targeted treatment against BRAF. The knowledge both on drugable activating mutations and on resistance mutations - not only in EGFR-positive NSCLC [36], but also in ALK-rearranged NSCLC [61] - is rapidly increasing. The gene discussed is ALK; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.