These reports together with historic comparisons of survival of EGFR-mutation positive patients before and after availability of EGFR-TKI therapy [28, 29], post-hoc pooled survival analysis of patients with EGFR-TKI sensitive NSCLC (del exon 19 only) [20], and prospective non-randomized data from the Lung Cancer Mutation Consortium [30] have strengthened the general assumption that EGFR-TKI-therapy also improves OS. This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and lung carcinoma.