To prove whether the effect of PT on ICAM-1 or VCAM-1 expression plays a role in the PT-evoked tumor cell adhesion, we performed a cell adhesion assay, in which endothelial ICAM-1 or VCAM-1 was blocked after PT treatment by a neutralizing antibody before the (untreated) tumor cells were added. The gene discussed is VCAM1; the disease is neoplasm.