TERC and lung carcinoma: Several association studies have observed that TERT and TERC had a role in susceptibility to tumorigenesis in multiple types of cancer, such as lung cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, thymic epithelial tumors and so on [14–20], which indicates mutations in TERT and TERC gene regions may affect the activities of telomerases and further affect the risk of cancers.