Similar to the results of TFF3 expression in different grade glioma samples (Figure 1A), higher HIF-1α expression was found in high-grade (WHO grades III and IV) than low-grade (WHO grades I and II) glioma tissues (Figure 3B), showing a statistically significant difference between these groups (P<0.001, Figure 3C). Here, TFF3 is linked to central nervous system cancer.