HGF and cancer: The paradoxical lack of an anti-metastatic effect with gemcitabine treatment both as a single agent and in dual combination with HGF or c-MET inhibitor (Figure 2) suggested that gemcitabine treatment may be selecting out a sub-population of cancer cells, possible stem-like cells with an aggressive phenotype and increased migratory potential due to an increase in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as occurred with our previous studies [14].