Atherosclerotic lesions contain abundant p22phox and NOX-2 (also termed gp91phox) that correlated with the severity of atherosclerosis [33,34] where p22phox is located in adventitial fibroblasts, VSMC, macrophages in the neointima and media, and in endothelial cells [35]. This evidence concerns the gene CYBB and atherosclerosis.