Interestingly, when neurogenesis deficient mice in which GFAP-positive progenitor cells were killed by ganciclovir treatment [26] was examined, S 47445 increased hippocampal BDNF and improved several anxiety/depression-like behaviors [25], suggesting a neurogenesis-independent process in the recovery of anxiety/depression-like behaviors. The gene discussed is GFAP; the disease is depressive disorder.