PDCD4 and colonic neoplasm: PDCD4 suppressed carbonic anhydrase II (CAII) in human embryonic kidney [87], delayed cell cycle transition from G1 to S phase in glioma cancer cell [88], inhibited colon cancer cell invasion through suppressing MAP4K1 [89], and phosphorylated the specificity protein transcription factors in colorectal cells [90], thus promoting essential events important in driving invasion and metastasis [82].