PCDH8 and urinary tract infection: 2004; Menin et al. 2008; Merlini and Merlini 2011; Mazutti et al. 2013). The high frequency of E. coli in mixed infections should not be disregarded or merely considered as contamination, since over 80% of the studied E. coli isolates were characterized as multiresistant and 93% of them presented at least one virulence gene related to urinary tract infections, among focH, papC, sfa, afa, hlyA, iucD and cnf1 genes (data not shown).