HFD-induced obesity significantly increased mRNA abundance of TNFα and IL-6 in both 5 (Figure SVC in the online-only Data Supplement) and 16 week points, IL-1β at 16 weeks (Fig. 5A), and had no effect on IL-10 (Fig. 5A). Here, IL1B is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.