TP53 and cancer: On the other hand, the Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG), using array-based gene expression profiling, identified four distinct molecular subtypes that were associated with patient survival and recurrence patterns after surgery: MSI, microsatellite stable (MSS) with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signature, MSS with TP53 activation, and MSS without TP53 activation [12].