PTPN1 and Insulin resistance: We found that some genes like PTPN1 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type1) and STAT5A (Signal Transducer And Activator of Transcription 5A), which were involved in insulin signaling pathways had close relationship with MCAT (Table 1), it is possible that the pathways of MCAT may be novel mechanisms as to the offspring insulin resistance affected by intrauterine hyperglycemia.