A few disintegrated spheroids were observed which appeared to be highly apoptotic (Figure 3), suggesting that combination of WFA with CIS is highly effective in targeting ALDH1 positive CSCs and hence may reduce drug resistance and recurrence of cancer in patients with ovarian cancer, suggesting that the patients that develop CIS resistance may be benefited by WFA and CIS combination. The gene discussed is ALDH1A1; the disease is in situ carcinoma.