ZNRF3 and thyroid gland papillary carcinoma: ZNRF3 as a member of E3 ubiquitin ligases family is downregulated in gastric cancer [33] and papillary thyroid carcinoma [34] and colorectal cancer [35], and inhibits cell growth and invasion and induces apoptosis via regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway [33, 36].