TGFB1 and cancer: Glioblastomas are known as active producers of numerous pro-inflammatory cytokines, including besides TNFα, cytokines IL1β, IL6 and IL8, and growth factors (such as TGFβ) that affect via paracrine/autocrine signaling the cancer cells themselves and actively participate in intercellular communication with cancer microenvironment including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes [74].