Among the genes that were downregulated upon BORIS depletion we see a coordinated downregulation of some progenitor-specific genes as well as decreased expression of some proliferation factors, e.g. NUPR1, as well as genes that are normally germline specific (such as CCNYL1), but are activated in tumor cells owing, at least in part, to BORIS expression. Here, NUPR1 is linked to neoplasm.