Reduced expression of K+ channels in the vagus nerve of Kv1.1-/- mice with epilepsy has been reported (Goldman et al., 2009; Glasscock et al., 2010, 2012), and seizure-induced K+ channel remodeling in vagal or other afferents could contribute to the increase in glutamate release onto the GABAergic NTS neurons in pilocarpine-treated mice. Here, KCNA1 is linked to epilepsy.