1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D plays a key role in sepsis (22, 25), and HMGB1 is a late mediator of endotoxin lethality released from macrophages, so we examined the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 on HMGB1 secretion in macrophages. The gene discussed is HMGB1; the disease is Sepsis.