FMO5 and hypertensive disorder: Moreover, accumulating studies indicate that oxidative stress, which is produced by the imbalance between mechanisms of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (e.g., NADPH oxidase) and mechanisms of ROS clearance (e.g., superoxide dismutase, SOD), contributes to the enhanced central sympathetic outflow in the RVLM in experimental animal models of hypertension and chronic heart failure (Peterson et al., 2006; Hirooka et al., 2011).